Magnets in power transmission

Published: 2023-03-17 14:46:35 • Daniel Gårdefelt

Magnetic materials have been utilized for decades in power transmission due to their exceptional qualities that make them suitable for the task. They are utilized in a range of power transmission system components, including transformers, inductors, and motors. This article will examine how and why magnetic materials are utilized in power transmission.

Transformers are one of the most prevalent power transmission uses of magnetic materials. Depending on the application, they are used to increase or reduce the voltage of an AC power supply. Transformers function by inducing a current in a secondary coil wrapped around a common iron core using magnetic fields. The iron core is composed of a magnetic substance that strengthens the transformer's magnetic field, hence increasing its efficiency.

Inductors are a popular application of magnetic materials in the power transmission industry. In electronic circuits, they are used to smooth out voltage and current swings and filter out undesirable frequencies. Inductors function by storing energy in a magnetic field, which opposes alterations in the flow of current. A high magnetic permeability allows the magnetic core of an inductor to store more energy in the magnetic field.

Motors are another significant use of magnetic materials in power transfer. Using a magnetic field, motors turn electrical energy into mechanical energy. An electrical current flowing through a coil of wire wrapped around a magnetic core generates the magnetic field. The magnetic core is composed of a material with a high magnetic permeability, enabling it to generate a more powerful magnetic field.

Magnetic bearings are utilized in power transmission to reduce friction and enhance performance. They employ magnetic fields to suspend and rotate a rotor, so eliminating the requirement for physical contact between the rotor and stator. As a result, magnetic bearings are perfect for high-speed applications, as they reduce wear and increase efficiency.

Magnetic couplings are used in power transmission to deliver torque without physical contact between two rotating shafts. They use magnetic fields to transfer torque over an air gap, eliminating the need for mechanical seals and minimizing the possibility of leaks.

Magnetic materials are crucial for power transmission systems. They are utilized in numerous applications, including transformers, inductors, motors, and magnetic bearings. Using magnetic materials in power transmission systems provides for increased efficiency, dependability, and longevity, which is vital for the efficient running of power grids and the safe distribution of electricity to homes. It is expected that magnetic materials will continue to play an essential role in the design and operation of power transmission networks as technology continues to improve.